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The long-term energy transition in Europe
Share of energy production by traditional energy carrier, measured as the percentage of total energy production, from 1850-2000. "Muscle energy corresponds to the input of food by men and working animals; firewood to the actual consumption; wind and water have been estimated from the power of water and wind engines – sailing ships included – and the time, per year, these engines were in use”.
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Gales et al. (2007)
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